Thyroid nutrition, evidence-based.
Short, cited, no alarmism. Every article is graded by evidence level.
Environmental Toxins and Thyroid Function: What's Real and What's Marketing
Some environmental chemicals do affect thyroid function — perchlorate, PFAS, BPA. See what evidence supports and what 'detox' marketing overreaches.
Exercise and Hypothyroidism: What Actually Helps
Exercise helps with energy, mood, and weight in hypothyroidism — but the trial data is less dramatic than wellness blogs suggest. See what actually works.
Fatigue in Hashimoto's: Why It Persists and What Helps
Hashimoto's fatigue often persists even with normal TSH. See the multi-factor explanation — inflammation, mitochondria, microbiome, sleep — and what evidence-based steps help.
Fiber Supplements and Levothyroxine: The 4-Hour Rule That Protects Your Dose
Dietary fiber and fiber supplements like psyllium can bind levothyroxine in the gut and reduce absorption. Learn the simple timing rule that prevents this.
Fluoride and the Thyroid: What the Evidence Actually Says
Does fluoride harm your thyroid? An honest look at fluoridated water, hypothyroidism, iodine sufficiency, and what the dose-response evidence really says.
Generic vs Brand Levothyroxine: Does It Matter?
Generic vs brand levothyroxine: neither is inherently better. The FDA calls it a narrow-therapeutic-index drug, so consistency and TSH retesting matter most.
GLP-1 Drugs (Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro) and Thyroid Disease
GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic and Mounjaro work for weight loss in hypothyroid and Hashimoto's patients — but a family history of medullary thyroid cancer or MEN2 is an absolute contraindication. What to know.
Gluten-Free and Hashimoto's: What the Evidence Actually Says
Gluten free and Hashimoto's: essential if you also have celiac disease, optional and mixed-evidence for everyone else. What the research actually shows.
Hair Loss in Hypothyroidism: What to Expect on Levothyroxine
Hair loss is common in hypothyroidism and usually resolves on adequate levothyroxine — but slowly. See what to expect and what doesn't help.
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Type 1 Diabetes: The Autoimmune Cluster
About 1 in 4 adults with type 1 diabetes also have thyroid antibodies. See how Hashimoto's and T1D cluster, what to screen for, and how levothyroxine and insulin interact.
Hashitoxicosis: The Hyperthyroid Phase of Hashimoto's
Hashitoxicosis is the temporary hyperthyroid phase that can occur in Hashimoto's. See how it differs from Graves' and how it's treated.
Hyperthyroidism and Graves' Disease: The Other Side of Thyroid Autoimmunity
Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism — driven by TRAb antibodies, treatable, and most patients eventually need levothyroxine.
Hypothyroid Weight Gain: How Much, Why, and What Helps
Hypothyroid weight gain is usually 5–10 lbs, mostly fluid. Levothyroxine reverses the fluid and normalizes metabolism, but the rest takes the same work as anyone else.
Hypothyroidism and Sleep: Why Rest Doesn't Restore — and What Helps
Hypothyroidism disrupts sleep in both directions — daytime sleepiness and insomnia — and quietly raises sleep apnea risk. See what helps and when to ask for a sleep study.
Intermittent Fasting and Thyroid Health: What the Evidence Actually Says
Intermittent fasting temporarily lowers T3 in healthy people. For hypothyroid patients on levothyroxine, timing matters. Here's what research shows.
Iodine and Hypothyroidism: Why More Is Not Better for Hashimoto's
Iodine and hypothyroidism have a U-shaped relationship: too little causes deficiency, too much can worsen Hashimoto's. What WHO, NIH, and the ATA actually say.
Iodized Salt vs. Sea Salt vs. Himalayan: Does It Matter for Thyroid?
Iodized salt prevents iodine deficiency. Sea salt and Himalayan salt don't. See what actually matters for your thyroid.
Iron Deficiency and Thyroid: Why Low Ferritin Mimics Hypothyroid Symptoms
Iron deficiency and thyroid symptoms overlap: TPO needs iron to build hormone, and low ferritin can leave you exhausted even when your TSH looks fine.
Is Broccoli Bad for Hypothyroidism? The Goitrogen Myth, Examined
Is broccoli bad for hypothyroidism? In normal cooked portions with adequate iodine, no. Here is what the human evidence on goitrogens really shows today.
Is Soy Safe for Hashimoto's? What the Research Actually Shows
Is soy safe with Hashimoto's? Clinical trials show soy doesn't meaningfully harm thyroid function in iodine-replete adults. The real rule: timing it apart.
Keto and Thyroid Health: The T3 Question
Ketogenic diets can lower free T3 — sometimes by a lot. See what the evidence says about keto, thyroid hormone, and Hashimoto's.
L-Carnitine and Thyroid: The Hyperthyroid Symptom Trial
L-carnitine has randomized trial evidence for reducing hyperthyroid symptoms but not for hypothyroidism. See what the data actually shows.
Leaky Gut and Hashimoto's: Separating Emerging Science from Wellness Hype
Can 'leaky gut' worsen Hashimoto's? Here's what the emerging science on intestinal permeability and thyroid autoimmunity actually shows.
Levothyroxine and Pregnancy: Why Your Dose Almost Always Goes Up
Most pregnant women on levothyroxine need a 20–50% dose increase by week 8. See the ATA pregnancy guidelines and how to manage thyroid medication trimester by trimester.
Levothyroxine on an Empty Stomach: Why Timing Matters
Levothyroxine empty stomach: why it matters. Acidic, food-free conditions let the tablet dissolve and reach the small intestine for 70-80% absorption.
Life After Thyroid Cancer: TSH Suppression, Surveillance, and What to Expect
After differentiated thyroid cancer, levothyroxine doubles as hormone replacement and TSH suppression. See risk-stratified targets, surveillance routine, and when suppression can relax.
Life After Thyroidectomy: Managing Without a Thyroid
After thyroidectomy, lifelong levothyroxine and stable monitoring become routine. See what to expect and the TSH targets that matter.
Liothyronine (T3) Alone: Who It's Actually For
Liothyronine (T3-only) is rarely first-line for hypothyroidism, and the major guidelines explain why. See when it makes sense and why levothyroxine is the default.
Liquid and Soft-Gel Levothyroxine vs. Tablets: What the Absorption Data Shows
Liquid and soft-gel levothyroxine are absorbed differently than tablets. See when they're worth the cost and when tablets are fine.
Magnesium and Thyroid Function: What the Evidence Actually Shows
Does magnesium help your thyroid? The biochemistry is real, observational data hints at a link, but no monotherapy trial has proven a thyroid benefit yet.
Manganese and Thyroid: A Trace Mineral Without a Thyroid Story
Manganese is in many 'thyroid support' supplements, but the actual thyroid evidence is thin. See what's real.
Mediterranean vs. AIP for Hashimoto's: What the Evidence Shows
Mediterranean vs. AIP for Hashimoto's: a large RCT and a 17-trial meta-analysis back Mediterranean; AIP rests on two small uncontrolled pilots. Evidence inside.
Myo-Inositol and Hashimoto's: A Promising but Small Evidence Base
Small Italian RCTs show myo-inositol plus selenium may lower TPO antibodies and TSH in Hashimoto's — here's what the evidence actually says and what's missing.
N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) and Hashimoto's: What the Evidence Actually Shows
NAC is sold as a Hashimoto's supplement based on one small trial. See what the evidence actually shows about N-acetylcysteine and thyroid antibodies.
Nightshades and Hashimoto's: What the Evidence Actually Shows
Should people with Hashimoto's avoid tomatoes, peppers, and eggplant? Here's what the limited evidence on nightshades and thyroid autoimmunity actually shows.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Thyroid Health: What the Research Actually Shows
Omega-3s show anti-inflammatory promise for Hashimoto's, but the evidence is emerging — here's what studies actually found and what it means for you.
Oxidative Stress in Hashimoto's: What's Real and What Antioxidants Can Actually Do
Oxidative stress is real in Hashimoto's, but generic antioxidant supplements aren't the fix. See what the evidence actually supports.
Plant-Based Diets and the Thyroid: Iodine, Selenium, and B12 Gaps
Plant-based diets can be excellent for general health but have three thyroid-relevant nutrient gaps: iodine, selenium, and B12. See how to fill them.
Postpartum Thyroiditis: What to Watch For After Delivery
Postpartum thyroiditis affects ~5% of women in the first year after delivery. See the typical course, who's at risk, and when to treat.
Probiotics and Hashimoto's: What the Gut-Thyroid Research Shows
Research links gut dysbiosis to Hashimoto's autoimmunity. Here's what RCTs and meta-analyses actually show about probiotics and thyroid health.
Proton Pump Inhibitors and Levothyroxine: Why Your Heartburn Drug May Be Raising Your TSH
PPIs like omeprazole and pantoprazole raise stomach pH and impair levothyroxine absorption. Learn how to manage this clinically important drug interaction.
Quercetin and Hashimoto's: Antioxidant Hype or Real Help?
Quercetin is sold as a Hashimoto's supplement. See what the evidence actually shows about this plant antioxidant.
Resmetirom (Rezdiffra) for Fatty Liver: What Thyroid Patients Should Know
Resmetirom (Rezdiffra) is FDA-approved for MASH with fibrosis — not for hypothyroidism. Here is what it actually does and why thyroid patients ask about it.
Sea Moss and Bladderwrack for Thyroid: The Iodine Trap
Sea moss and bladderwrack contain unpredictable, often high doses of iodine — enough to trigger or worsen thyroid disease. See why major societies advise against them.
Selenium and Hashimoto's: What the Research Actually Shows
Selenium and Hashimoto's: a 2010 meta-analysis showed 200 mcg/day lowered TPO antibodies in 3 months. See what the evidence shows, and where it's weaker.
Stress, Cortisol, and the Thyroid: What's Real, What's Wellness
Chronic stress affects the thyroid axis but isn't a cause of Hashimoto's. See what evidence really shows about stress, cortisol, and thyroid disease.
Subclinical Hypothyroidism: Treat or Watch?
Subclinical hypothyroidism — high TSH with normal free T4 — doesn't always need treatment. See what the trials and guidelines actually say.
Sugar and Thyroid Inflammation: What Hashimoto's Patients Need to Know
High refined sugar intake drives systemic inflammation that may worsen Hashimoto's. Learn what the research actually says and practical steps to cut back.
T3/T4 Combination Therapy: Is Adding Liothyronine Right for You?
Still feeling unwell on levothyroxine with a normal TSH? Learn what the research says about adding T3 (liothyronine) and who may actually benefit.
The Alkaline Diet and Thyroid Health: Why pH Has Nothing to Do with It
Does eating alkaline foods boost thyroid function? The evidence is clear: diet cannot meaningfully change your blood pH. Here's what the science shows.
Thyroid and Menopause: How Symptoms Overlap and HRT Changes Your Dose
Hypothyroidism and menopause share a lot of symptoms — and starting HRT can change your levothyroxine dose. See how to tell them apart and what to test.
Thyroid and the Gut Microbiome: What's Real, What's Hype
The gut microbiome differs in Hashimoto's, but most 'fix your gut to fix your thyroid' claims outrun the evidence. What helps, what's hype.
Thyroid Detoxes and 'Resets': What the Evidence Actually Says
Thyroid detoxes promise to 'reset' your gland, but no credible evidence supports them — and some carry real risks. See what's marketing and what's safe.
Thyroid Disease and PCOS: The Overlap Most People Miss
Hashimoto's and PCOS overlap far more than chance. See the shared mechanisms, what to test, and how treatment differs for each.
Thyroid Hormone and Mitochondria: Why Hypothyroidism Drains Your Cellular Battery
T3 directly regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and ATP production. See what recovers on levothyroxine, what doesn't, and where supplements like CoQ10 and carnitine actually stand.
Thyroid Nodules: When to Worry, When to Watch
Most thyroid nodules are benign and grow slowly. See what the ATA guidelines say about which nodules need biopsy and which can be watched.
Thyroid, Fertility and Pregnancy: What Matters Before, During, and After
Untreated hypothyroidism reduces fertility and raises miscarriage risk. Pre-conception TSH, the pregnancy dose surge, trimester targets, and postpartum monitoring — explained.
TPO Antibodies: What They Mean and Why Their Number Usually Doesn't Change Treatment
Anti-TPO antibodies confirm Hashimoto's and predict progression to overt hypothyroidism, but their number rarely changes month-to-month management.
TSH, Free T4, Free T3, Antibodies: Which Thyroid Blood Tests to Ask For
TSH is the standard thyroid screening test, but free T4, free T3, and antibody panels each answer different questions. See which to ask for and when.
Tyrosine and Thyroid: Do You Really Need to Supplement?
L-tyrosine is the building block of thyroid hormone, but supplementing rarely helps. See what the evidence shows and when (if ever) it's worth trying.